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Toyota 1HD-T Engine Specifications
The Toyota 1HDT is a 4.20 l (4,164 cc, 254.1 cubic inches) six
cylinders 4-stroke water-cooled turbocharged internal combustion diesel
engine, manufactured by the Toyota Motor Corporation.
The 1HD-T engine has a cast-iron block with 94 mm (3.7 in) cylinder
bores and a 100 mm (3.94 in) piston stroke. Compression ratio rating is
18.6:1. The motor has a cast iron cylinder head with a single overhead
camshaft (SOHC) with two valves per cylinder; direct-injection design
and Toyota CT26 turbocharger with a boost pressure of 0.48 bar.
The Toyota 1HDT produced 167 PS (123 kW; 165 HP) at 3,600 rpm of
maximum power and 363 Nm (37.0 kgm; 267.9 ft-lb) at 2,000 rpm of maximum
torque.
Engine code identification:
1 - 1nd generation engine
HD - Engine family
T - Turbocharged
| GENERAL TECHNICAL DATA |
Engine model ............... 1HD-T
Cylinder layout ............... Straight-6, vertical
Fuel type ............... Diesel
Production ............... 1988-1995
Total displacement ............... 4.2L, 4,164 cc (254.1 cubic inches)
Injection pump ............... Mechanical
Power adder ............... Toyota CT26
Rated power ............... 165 PS (121 KW; 162 HP) at 3,600 rpm
167 PS (123 KW; 165 HP) at 3,600 rpm
Torque output ............... 360 Nm (36.7 kgm; 265.7 ft-lb) at 1,800
rpm
363 Nm (37.0 kgm; 267.9 ft-lb) at 2,000 rpm
Firing order ............... 1-4-2-6-3-5
Dimensions (L x H x W) ............... No data available
Weight ...............
| CYLINDER BLOCK |
The cylinder block is made of cast iron. The crankshaft is supported by
7 bearings on the inside of the crankcase. The crankshaft is integrated
with 12 balance weights. The crankshaft bearing cap is of ladder-frame
construction and is incorporated into the crankcase. The top of the
cylinders is closed off by the cylinder head and the lower end of the
cylinders becomes the crankcase, in which the crankshaft is installed.
Pistons are made of highly temperature-resistant aluminum alloy. As the
1 HD-T engine is the direct injection type, a deep combustion chamber
has been provided. The first compression ring is made of steel and the
second compression ring is made of cast iron. The oil ring is made of
steel.
The cylinder bore is 94 mm (3.7 in), piston stroke is 100 mm (3.94 in)
and compression ratio rating is 18.6:1.
Cylinder block alloy ............... Cast iron
Compression ratio ............... 18.6:1
Cylinder bore ............... 94 mm (3.7 in)
Piston stroke ............... 100 mm (3.94 in)
Number of piston rings (compression / oil) ............... 2 / 1
Number of main bearings ............... 7
Cylinder bore inner diameter ............... 94.000-94.030 mm
(3.7001-3.7019 in)
Piston skirt diameter ............... 93.845-94.855 mm (3.8947-3.8951
in)
Piston ring groove ............... First ............... 0.050-0.095 mm
(0.0020-0.0037 in)
Second ............... 0.060-0.100 mm (0.0024-0.0039 in)
Oil ............... 0.030-0.070 mm (0.0012-0.0028 in)
Piston ring end gap ............... First ............... 0.270-0.540 mm
(0.0106-0.0212 in)
Second ............... 0.400-0.620 mm (0.0157-0.0244 in)
Oil ............... 0.200-0.520 mm (0.0079 - 0.0204 in)
Piston pin outer diameter ............... 33.000-33.012 mm
(1.2992-1.2997 in)
Piston pin bore diameter ............... 33.008-33.020 mm (1.2995-1.3000
in)
Crankshaft main journal diameter ............... 66.994-67.004 mm
(2.6375-2.6379 in)
Crankpin diameter ............... 58.994-59.004 mm (2.3225-2.3230 in)
Crankshaft center distance ............... 50.0 mm (1.9685 in)
Main bearing cap tightening procedure and torque specs:
Step 1: 103 Nm; 10.5 kgm; 76 ft-lb
Step 2: Turn all bolts 90deg
After securing bearing cap bolts, make sure crankshaft turns smoothly by
hand.
Connecting rod bearing nut
Step 1: 37 Nm; 3.75 kgm; 27 ft-lb
Step 2: Turn all bolts 90deg
Crankshaft pulley bolt
500 Nm; 50.0 kgm; 369 ft-lb
Flywheel (M/T) or Drive plate (A/T) fixing bolts
127 Nm; 13.0 kgm; 94 ft-lb
| CYLINDER HEAD |
The cylinder head is made of cast iron with a cross-flow type intake and
exhaust Cylinder layout. The camshaft journal part of the cylinder head
has camshaft caps made of aluminum alloy and is made of cast iron on the
cylinder head side. The camshaft is driven by the timing belt.
The 1HD-T engine has OHV design with two valves per cylinder. Intake
valves are 42.5 mm (1.6732 in) in diameter, and the exhaust valves are
36.0 mm (1.4173 in). Exhaust and intake valves are equipped with
irregular pitch springs which are capable of following the valves even
at high engine speeds. The engine has a dual-type exhaust
manifold.
Adjustment of the valve clearance is done by means of an outer shim type
system, in which valve adjusting shims are located above the valve
lifters.
Cylinder head alloy ............... Cast iron
Valve Arrangement ............... SOHV
Valves ............... 12 (2 valves per cylinder)
Intake valves diameter ............... 42.5 mm (1.6732 in)
Exhaust valves diameter ............... 36.0 mm (1.4173 in)
Intake valves length ............... 103.29-103.69 mm (4.0665-4.0822 in)
Exhaust valves length ............... 103.14-103.54 (4.0606-4.00764 in)
Intake valve stem diameter ............... 7.975-7.990 mm (0.3140-0.3145
in)
Exhaust valves stem diameter ............... 7.960-7.975 mm
(0.3133-0.3140 in.l
Camshaft journal diameter ............... 1st: 34.969-34.985 mm
(1.3767-1.3774 in)
Others: 27.986-27.998 mm (1.1018-1.1023 in)
Camshaft lobe height (intake) ............... 54.440-54.460 mm
(2.1433-2.1441 in)
Camshaft lobe height (exhaust) ............... 55.940-55.960 mm
(2.2024-2.2031 in)
Head tightening procedure and torque specs:
Step 1: 69 Nm; 7.0 kgm; 51 ft-lb
Step 2: Turn all bolts 90deg
Step 3: Turn all bolts 90deg
Camshaft bearing cap
25 Nm; 2.5 kgm; 18 ft-lb
| MAINTENANCE DATA |
Valve clearance (Cold)
Intake valve ............... 0.15-0.25 mm (0.006-0.0098 in)
Exhaust valve ............... 0.35-0.45 mm (0.0137-0.0177 in)
Compression pressure
Standard ............... 35.0 kg/m2 (3,432 kPa, 498 psi) / 250 rpm
Minimum ............... 25.0 kg/m2 (2,452 kPa, 358 psi) / 250 rpm
Compression differential limit between cylinders ............... 5.0
kg/m2 (490 kPa, 71 psi) / 250 rpm
Oil system
Recommended engine oil ............... 10W-30 or 10W-40 (“CD” or higher:
“CH”, “CI”)
Engine oil capacity ............... Dry fill: 9.6 L (10.6 US qt, 8.8
Imp. qt)
With oil filter change: 9.7 L (10.3 US qt, 8.5 Imp. qt)
Without oil filter change: 8.4 L (8.9 US qt, 7.4 Imp. qt)
Fuel system
Plunger stroke ............... 1.29-1.35 mm (0.0507-0.0531 in.)
Idling ............... M/T: 700 ± 50 rpm
A/T: 800 ± 50 rpm
| VEHICLE APPLICATIONS |
Model ............... Years Produced
Toyota Land Cruiser (HDJ80) ............... 1989-1995
Toyota Coaster (HDB20) ............... 1990-1993
Toyota Coaster (HDB30) ............... 1990-1993
Toyota Coaster (HDB50) ............... 1993-1995
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| Engines Technical Specifications |