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Case IH 2594 Troubleshooting
The
Case IH 2594 is a 2WD (4x2) row-crop tractor. This model was manufactured
between 1984 and 1988. The IH 2594 tractor is powered by Case 504BD 4-cycle
6-cylinder turbo diesel engine with a maximum power of 217 Hp (161,8 kW) at 2100
rpm.
The Case IH 2594 is fitted with 2 transmission options: 12x3 power shift transmission, and partial power shift transmission with 24 forward and 3 reverse gears. The max. forward speed - 19.3 mph (31.1 km/h), maximum reverse speed - 6.5 mph (10.5 km/h).
The closed center hydraulic system used a piston pump with a flow of 27 gpm (102.3 lpm). The hydraulic pressure is 155 bar (2250 psi). The Case International 2594 was equipped with a hydrostatic steering system and hydraulic wet disc brakes, 11.00x16 or 14Lx16 front tires, and 24.5x32 or 30.5x32 rear tires. The wheel base is 118" (2990 mm).
| Engine Troubleshooting |
| Engine starts hard or will not start |
Air in the fuel system - Air bleeding.
Clogged fuel filter - Change the filter element.
Clogged injection nozzle - Service or change injection nozzles.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
The valve clearance is incorrect - Adjust valve clearance.
Defective fuel injection pump - Change pump or rebuild it.
| Engine stalls after starting |
Dirty air filter element - Service air cleaner.
Fuel filter plugging - Install new filter element.
Poor fuel injection pump tightness - Look for any leaks of fuel pump Tighten it fast.
Defective fuel injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Fuel injection pump damage - Replacement or repair required.
| Engine stops running suddenly |
Engine has not warmed up to the recommended temperature - Warm up the engine.
Dirty fuel filter - Filter maintenance required.
Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Fuel injection nozzles fault - Install a new kit of correctly balanced nozzles.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust as recommended.
| Engine stalls when idling |
Incorrectly adjusted low idle speed - Adjustment required.
Faulty fuel injection pump - Rebuild or install a new injection pump.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Check and adjust.
| Diesel power loss |
Dirty air filter element - Clean air cleaner element.
Clogged or defective injection nozzles - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Insufficient fuel injection pressure - Repair or replace injection pump.
Excessive valve clearance - Check and adjust as required.
Too low idle RPM - Adjustment required.
Restricted fuel hoses or lines - Clean fuel lines and hoses.
Cylinder-head gasket is leaking - Change cylinder head gasket.
Damaged or leaking piston rings - Replace piston rings.
| Engine overheating |
Engine has a lack of coolant - The cooling system needs to be refilled and checked for faults.
Low engine oil level - Need to add engine oil.
Defective radiator cap or clogged radiator fins - Replace cap or clean radiator.
Fan belt slipping or worn - Replace the fan belt.
Engine is running overloaded - Reduce the load or operate the tractor in lower gears.
| Oil pressure is low |
Oil level is insufficient - Need to add oil.
Clogged oil filter element - Replace or clean engine oil filter element.
Different type of engine oil - Use oil of correct viscosity.
Crankshaft bearing has excessive oil clearance - Change bearings.
Worn oil pump - Remove and inspect oil pump.
| Engine noises or knocks |
Low engine oil level - Add oil to the engine crankcase.
Engine not warmed up - Warm up the engine.
Improper setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust as recommended.
Incorrectly adjusted low idle speed - Adjust low idling as recommended.
Clogged or defective injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Connecting rod misalignment or failure - Connecting rod needs to be aligned or changed.
Pistons are worn or broken - Pistons replacement required.
| Transmission Troubleshooting |
| Low transmission oil pressure |
Transmission oil insufficient - Fill the transmission housing to proper oil level.
Clogged transmission fluid filter (if equipped) - Service or change transmission fluid filter.
Relief valve is damaged - Replace relief valve as required.
| Transmission noises |
Transmission oil level is low - Fill the transmission housing to proper oil level.
Transmission fluid contamination - Transmission fluid change required.
Gears are damaged or backlash is incorrect - Adjust backlash properly or replace the gears.
Bearings are broken or worn - Replace faulty bearings.
Shift forks are bent or worn out - Shift forks need to be replaced.
Worn or stuck shaft splines - Replace defective shaft.
| Gears are hard to shift |
Gear shift linkage is corroded or worn - Install new shift linkage.
Worn or bent shift forks - Change defective shift forks.
Gear shifting mechanism is defective - Defective parts must be replaced.
Clutch is worn or not adjusted - Adjust or replace the clutch.
| External oil leaks |
Too much oil in transmission - Drain the excess oil.
Seals or gaskets are worn - Gaskets or seal need to be replaced.
| Hydraulics Troubleshooting |
| Low hydraulic oil pressure |
Insufficient hydraulic oil - Need to add oil.
Clogged hydraulic fluid filter element - Hydraulic filter maintenance required.
Faulty hydraulic pump - Repair or replace hydraulic fluid pump.
Hydraulic spool valve is not set properly - Set the spool valve properly.
Hydraulic cylinder failure - Change or repair hydraulic cylinder.
Leaking hydraulic pipes - Check the system and repair leaks.
| Hydraulic system is too hot |
Faulty main relief valve - Relief valve need to be replaced.
Incorrect type of hydraulic fluid - Use the correct type of fluid.
Hydraulic fluid contamination - Change hydraulic fluid.
Air in hydraulic system - Bleed air from hydraulic system.
| Hitch does not raise or raises very slowly |
Heavy load on the hitch - Reduce hitch load.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Fill the system to proper hydraulic fluid level.
Clogged hydraulic oil filter - Hydraulic filter maintenance required.
Hydraulic pump is faulty - Replace or repair hydraulic fluid pump.
Main relief valve malfunctioning - Change relief valve.
Hydraulic control valve block is damaged - Repair or replace hydraulic valve.
Hydraulic cylinder is broken - Repair or change hydraulic cylinder.
Loose or broken suction line - Tighten the pipe or replace it.
| 3-point hitch can't drop or drops too slowly |
Hydraulic control valve block is out of adjustment - Control valve needs to be adjusted.
Faulty hydraulic cylinder - Change or repair hydraulic cylinder.
Three-point hitch has not been adjusted - The three-point hitch must be adjusted.
Worn lift arm shaft - Replace the shaft.
| 3-point hitch jerks when lower or lift |
Air in hydraulic lines - Bleed hydraulic lines.
Dirty hydraulic fluid - The fluid must be changed.
Defective hydraulic pump - Replace or repair hydraulic fluid pump.
Hydraulic spool valve is damaged - Repair or replace hydraulic valve.
Hydraulic cylinder not working - Change or repair hydraulic cylinder.
| Steering Troubleshooting |
| Steering is hard |
Incorrectly fitted or worn steering column - Refit or replace the steering column.
Air in the hydraulic steering system - Need to bleed air.
Not adjusted toe-in - Adjust toe-in properly.
Uneven wear on front tyres - Replace the tyres.
Steering pump not working - Steering pump needs to be repaired or replaced.
Stuck or damaged steering pump control valve - Flush or change flow control valve.
Insufficient steering oil - Need to add steering oil.
| Steering wheel free play is excessive |
Steering column coupling or shaft has maximum wear - Replace defective part.
Steering pump failure - Replace or repair steering pump.
Loose or worn steering linkage parts - Inspect and change as required.
| Front wheels wander to left or right |
Uneven wear on front tires - Replace the tires.
Improper toe-in - Check and adjust toe-in.
Loose or worn steering linkage components - Replace or repair steering linkage.
Incorrectly adjusted or damaged front wheel bearings - Adjust correctly or change bearings.
| Electrical System Troubleshooting |
| Battery does not charge |
Loose or corroded wire connections - Tighten or clean connections.
Battery terminal clamps are defective - Terminal clamps should be changed.
Dead cell in battery - Use a new battery.
Belt is damaged or loose - Adjust belt tension or change the belt.
| Starter turns slowly |
Low battery capacity - Battery needs to be recharged.
Battery drains quickly - Service battery or replace it.
Disconnected wires or corroded battery terminals - Check cable connections and replace or service terminals.
| Starter is not working |
Battery is low or faulty - Change or recharge battery.
Wire harness is disconnected or incorrectly connected - Check wire harness and connect as required.
Low battery power - Battery needs to be recharged.
Starter motor is defective - Starter should be replaced.
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