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Ford 5900 Tractor Troubleshooting
The
Ford 5900 is a two-wheel drive utility tractor. This model was manufactured from
1985 to 1993. The Ford 5900 tractor is equipped with a 256 cubic inches (4.2 L)
Ford 4-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled diesel engine.
The engine has a cylinder bore of 4.41" (112 mm), piston stroke of 4.21"
(107 mm), and rated power of 73 hp (54.4 kW). The sliding gear
transmission includes a dry clutch and gearbox with 8 forward and 2
reverse gears. The maximum travel speed (forward/reverse): 14.5 mph
(23.3 km/h) and 7 mph (11.3 km/h).
The open center hydraulic system includes a gear pump with fluid flow
rate of 6 gal/min (22.7 l/min). The hydraulic system fluid capacity is
14 gal (53 l). The Ford 5900 is equipped with a hydrostatic power
steering, disc brakes, 7.50x16 front tires, and 16.9x30 rear tires. The
wheelbase is 87.5 inches (2220 mm).
| Engine Troubleshooting |
| Engine won't start or hard to start |
| Fuel filter clogging - Change filter element |
| Closed fuel cock - Open fuel on-off cock to inject fuel |
| Fuel lines leaking air - Tighten clamps, change faulty pipes |
| Dirty or damaged injectors - Test fuel injectors and change if necessary |
| Fuel injection pump malfunctioning - Change or repair the pump |
| Bad cylinder compression - Check and replace worn parts |
| Diesel shuts off during operation |
| Coolant temperature is low - Warm up engine to required temperature |
| Fuel lines leaking air - Tighten clamps, change faulty pipes |
| Uneven fuel injections - Repair or adjustment |
| Fuel filter clogging - Filter maintenance required |
| Dirty or faulty injectors - Service or change fuel injectors |
| Diesel starts and immediately shuts off |
| Fuel injection pump out of timing - Fuel pump timing settings need to be corrected |
| Clogged fuel filter element - Replace the filter element |
| Clogged or defective injector nozzles - Change or clean injector nozzles |
| Fuel injection pump is defective - Install a new fuel pump or repair |
| Dirty air cleaner - Install new cleaner element or replace it |
| Engine stops at low idle speed |
| Wrong adjustment of low idle speed - Adjust low idling as recommended |
| Fuel injection pump is damaged - Replacement or repair required |
| Clogged or damaged injector nozzles - Service or replace nozzles if required |
| Excessive valve clearance - Correct valve clearance needs to be set |
| Low engine coolant - Top up coolant. Inspect the system for leaks |
| Cooling system components are failed or system is dirty - Flush cooling system or change faulty components |
| Not enough engine oil - Check and refill engine oil |
| Damaged fan belt or incorrect belt tension - Adjust as required or change belt |
| Thermostat malfunction - Check and change if necessary |
| Fuel injectors are damaged or dirty - Clean or replace fuel injectors |
| Insufficient fuel injection pressure - Repair or replace injection pump |
| Air filter is dirty - Change or service air filter element |
| Oil filter is dirty - Replace or clean engine oil filter element |
| Engine is under excessive load - Change to lower gear or reduce load |
| Valve clearance is out of adjustment - Correct valve clearance needs to be set |
| Low idle speed setting is not correct - Adjust low idle speed |
| Fuel hoses or pipes are dirty - Service fuel hoses and pipes |
| Low engine compression: Leaking or broken valves - Change the valves |
| Timing of fuel injection pump is not adjusted - Check the fuel injection pump timing setting |
| Dirty or defective injector nozzles - Change injector nozzles |
| Engine oil level is insufficient - Need to add engine oil |
| Engine not warmed up - Warm up engine as required |
| Crankshaft or main bearings wear - Replace crankshaft or bearings |
| Broken or defective piston rings - Install new piston rings |
| Flywheel mounting screws are loose - Tighten the screws |
| Engine oil consumption is too high |
| Oil leaking: Gaskets or seals can be faulty - Defective components must be replaced |
| Wrong oil viscosity - Fill up with the proper oil viscosity |
| Seized or wear piston rings - Replace piston rings |
| Valve guides or stems are damaged - Valves need to be changed |
| Pistons or cylinder liners are worn - Check pistons and liners, change as required |
| Electrical System Troubleshooting |
| Battery cannot be charged |
| Bad cell in battery - Battery replacement required |
| Damaged battery electrical wire harness - Inspect electrical wires for damage, change or repair |
| Corroded or loose terminals and cables - Service or tighten battery cables and terminals |
| Belt is worn or belt tension is incorrectly adjusted - Adjust belt tension as required or replace belt |
| Battery capacity is low - Low battery charging, charge as required |
| Battery runs out quickly - Service or replace the battery |
| Battery cable harness failure - Check battery electrical cable for defects, replace or repair |
| Battery terminals and cables are corroded or loose - Tighten or clean terminals and cables |
| Battery voltage is low - Charge the battery |
| Drained or faulty battery - Need to charge or replace the battery |
| Starter motor is faulty - Starter needs to be replaced |
| Cables harness is improperly connected or disconnected - Inspect cables harness and reconnect it properly |
| Transmission Troubleshooting |
| Gears are hard to shift |
| Incorrectly adjusted or damaged clutch - Clutch adjustment or replacement required |
| Damaged or loose gear shift linkage - Service or change the shift linkage |
| Shift forks are worn or damaged - Change defective shift forks |
| Gearshift mechanism is worn out - Repair or replace worn components if required |
| Low transmission fluid pressure |
| Oil level is insufficient - Fill the transmission housing to proper oil level |
| Clogged transmission fluid filter element (if fitted) - Replace or clean transmission fluid filter |
| Relief valve is faulty - Replace relief valve |
| Bearings are worn or broken - Faulty bearings should be changed |
| Oil level is low - Check transmission oil level and add oil as required |
| Dirty transmission fluid - Fill up with fresh transmission fluid |
| Damaged gears or improper backlash - Change damaged gears or adjust backlash properly |
| Damaged or worn shift forks - Change defective shift forks |
| Transmission fluid leaking |
| Broken gaskets or seals - Install new seal or gaskets |
| Cracked transmission case - Install a new transmission case |
| Hydraulics Troubleshooting |
| Hydraulic system overheats |
| Incorrect hydraulic pressure adjustments - Adjust correctly |
| Defective or misadjusted main relief valve - Set up or change the relief valve |
| Contaminated hydraulic oil - Change hydraulic oil |
| Hydraulic system sucks air - Inspect the pump seals, suction line, and fittings |
| Hydraulic oil pressure is low |
| Not enough hydraulic oil in the system - Fill the hydraulic system with oil |
| Hydraulic fluid filter clogging - Service the hydraulic filter or change if required |
| Hydraulic pump not working - Check pump capacity and change if necessary |
| Damaged or incorrect adjusted hydraulic control valve - Replace or set correctly |
| Defective hydraulic cylinder - Inspect cylinder components for wear or damage and change if required |
| Leakage in hydraulic pipes - Identify leaks in the system and repair it |
| 3-point hitch raises slowly or won't raise |
| Hydraulic fluid level is low - Fill the hydraulic system with oil |
| Cold oil in hydraulic system - Wait for oil to warm up |
| Hydraulic oil filter element clogging - Service the hydraulic filter or change if required |
| Defective hydraulic pump - Test pump flow rate and replace pump if required |
| Main relief valve incorrect adjustment or failure - Adjust or change relief valve |
| Hydraulic control valve is not set properly or defective - Replace or adjust correctly |
| Hydraulic cylinder malfunction - Inspect the hydraulic cylinder parts for damage or wear and replace if required |
| Damaged or disconnected suction pipe - Connect or replace |
| Hitch not dropping or hitch drops slowly |
| Hydraulic control valve is faulty or out of adjustment - Change or set correctly |
| Hydraulic cylinder is defective - Check cylinder components for wear or damage and change if necessary |
| Damaged hitch rock shaft - Install a new shaft |
| Internal mechanical malfunction with hitch - Replace damaged or worn hitch components |
| Jerky lifting or lowering of 3-point hitch |
| Air leaks in hydraulic system - Check the pump seals, suction pipe, and fittings |
| Dirty hydraulic fluid - The fluid must be changed |
| Hydraulic pump is defective - Check the pump capacity and replace pump if required |
| Hydraulic spool valve is faulty or out of adjustment - Adjust correctly or change |
| Hydraulic cylinder malfunction - Inspect the cylinder components for damage or wear and change if required |
| Steering System Troubleshooting |
| Steering is difficult |
| Worn or improperly mounted steering column - Mount the steering column properly or change it |
| Air leaks in steering system - Bleed air from system |
| Steering filter is plugged - Replace steering filter element |
| Not adjusted toe-in - Check and adjust toe-in |
| Tires are not properly inflated - Inflate tires as required |
| Steering pump failure - Check the hydraulic steering pump and change if necessary |
| Worn or damaged power steering control valve - Inspect and replace as required |
| Defective or stuck relief valve - Replace or service relief valve |
| Steering fluid level is low - Check fluid level and add steering fluid as required |
| Steering system oil leakage - Tighten the steering hose and line joints |
| Excessive free play of steering wheel |
| Worn steering column coupling or shaft - Replace faulty component |
| Defective or worn power steering control valve - Repair or change the steering control valve |
| Damaged hydraulic steering pump - Steering pump needs to be repaired or replaced |
| Faulty or worn steering tie-rod ends or linkage - Change damaged component |
| Tractor pulls to left or right |
| Improper tire pressure - Check the pressure and inflate tires as required |
| Toe-in adjustment is incorrect - Adjust toe-in properly |
| Steering linkage or tie-rod ends are defective - Change damaged component |
| Worn or defective steering control valve - Repair or change the steering control valve |
| Steering cylinder is damaged - Change or repair hydraulic steering cylinder |
| Incorrectly adjusted or worn front hub bearings - Change or adjust the bearings properly |
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| Farm Tractors Technical Specifications |
