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Mahindra Max 28XL Troubleshooting
The
Mahindra Max 28XL is a 4-wheel drive sub-compact utility tractor. This model was
manufactured from 2012 to 2014. The Mahindra Max 28 XL tractor is powered by
80.4 cu.in (1.32 L) Mitsubishi S3L2 3-cylinder indirect injection liquid-cooled
diesel engine with a rated power of 28 Hp (20.9 kW). The Mahindra Max 28 XL is
fitted with a two transmission options: synchro shuttle transmission with 8
forward and 8 reverse gears, or 2-range hydrostatic transmission with infinite
forward and reverse gears.
The maximum travel speed (forward/reverse): 11.2 mph (18 km/h) and 9.4 mph (15.1 km/h). The open center hydraulic system has a gear pump with a rated capacity of 4.6 gpm (17.5 lpm). The tractors are equipped with 23x8.5-12 front tires and 33x12.5-16.5 rear tires. The wheelbase is 63.2 inches (1605 mm). Compatible attachments for the tractor: Mahindra ML205 front end-loader with a maximum lift height of 82.7" (2100 mm), and Mahindra MB63A backhoe with maximum digging depth of 76.3" (1930 mm).
| Diesel Engine Troubleshooting |
| Engine difficult to start or won't start |
There is air in the fuel system - Bleed the system.
Fuel filter plugging - Change filter element.
Dirty or damaged injection nozzles - Change fuel injection nozzles.
Dirt or water in fuel system - Drain water or flush dirt from the system.
Incorrect valve clearance - Adjust valve clearance according to specifications.
Fuel injection pump is defective - Replacement or repair required.
| Engine stalls after starting |
Dirty air filter - Air filter maintenance required.
Dirty fuel filter - Replace filter element.
Fuel injection pump is leaking - Repair any leaks.
Dirty or defective injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Defective fuel injection pump - Repair or change injection pump.
| Engine shuts off suddenly during operation |
Engine is not preheated - Engine is not warmed up to the required temperature.
Fuel filter element is dirty - Clean or change the filter.
Air in the fuel pipes - Bleed the fuel pipes.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged - Service or change injection nozzles.
Fuel injection pump timing is not adjusted - Adjust the pump as required.
| Engine stalls when idling |
Too low idle RPM - Correct low idle adjustment.
Fuel injection pump is defective - Install a new pump or rebuild.
Defective fuel injectors - Change or clean fuel injectors.
Incorrect valve clearance - Adjust to proper valve clearance.
| Loss of engine power |
Air cleaner is dirty - Clean or replace element.
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles - Check and replace nozzles if required.
Improper fuel injection pressure - Check the fuel injection pressure and adjust if necessary.
Incorrect valve clearance - Adjust valve clearance.
Incorrectly adjusted low idle speed - Need to adjust idle speed.
Dirty fuel lines or hoses - Clean fuel hoses and lines.
Cylinder-head gasket is broken - Install a new gasket.
Worn or damaged piston rings - Piston rings replacement required.
| Engine is overheated |
Coolant level is low - Fill radiator to proper level and check components for faults.
Engine oil level is insufficient - Fill up the oil to required level.
Damaged radiator cap or dirty radiator core - Clean radiator or change cap.
Fan belt slipping or worn - If necessary, replace the belt.
Engine overloaded - Reduce load on the engine.
| Low oil pressure |
Engine oil insufficient - Checking oil level and add if necessary.
Engine oil filter is plugged - Clean or change engine oil filter.
Incorrect oil viscosity - Use oil of correct viscosity.
Main bearing oil clearance is excessive - Bearing replacement required.
Oil pump is worn or damaged - Install a new pump.
| Engine knocks or noises |
Low engine oil level - Fill up the engine oil.
Engine is not warmed up to the required temperature - Engine is not warmed up to the required temperature.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Set the fuel pump timing correctly.
Incorrectly set low idle speed - Adjust low idle speed.
Defective fuel injectors - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Misaligned or defective connecting rod Align or change connecting rod.
Pistons are scored or worn - Have pistons replaced.
| Transmission Troubleshooting |
| Transmission fluid pressure is insufficient |
Lack of transmission fluid - Need to add transmission fluid.
Dirty transmission fluid filter (if fitted) - Service or replace the transmission fluid filter.
Relief valve is stuck - Install a new relief valve.
| Transmission noise |
Transmission oil insufficient - Fill up the transmission oil.
Transmission fluid contamination - Fill up with fresh transmission fluid.
Backlash is incorrect or gears are damaged - Install new gears and set backlash correctly.
Bearings are cracked or worn - Faulty bearings should be replaced.
Worn or bent shift forks - Replace defective shift forks.
Damaged or worn shaft splines - Shaft need to be replaced.
| Hard shifting |
Worn or rusty gear shift linkage - Shift linkage need to be replaced.
Worn or bent shift forks - Change defective shift forks.
Defective parts in the gearshift mechanism - Replace defective parts.
Worn or unadjusted clutch - Clutch needs to be adjusted or changed.
| Transmission oil leaking |
High transmission fluid level - Drain the excess fluid.
Worn seals or gaskets - Gaskets or seal replacement required.
| Hydrostatic Transmission Troubleshooting |
| HST transmission noise |
Low transmission oil level or contaminated oil - Change transmission oil or top up to proper level.
Worn or unadjusted speed control linkage - Adjust or repair linkage.
Relief valve malfunction - Change relief valve.
Excessive loading - The load should be reduced.
Worn or defective parts of the hydrostatic transmission - Check internal transmission parts for damage or wear and replace if required.
| Loss of power |
Transmission fluid insufficient - Checking transmission fluid level and add if necessary.
Relief valve malfunction - Install a new relief valve.
Speed control linkage is worn or unadjusted - Adjust or change linkage.
| Transmission oil overheated |
Transmission fluid insufficient - Add fluid to the transmission housing.
Transmission oil filter is clogged - Clean or change transmission oil filter.
Defective or plugged cooling components - Inspect all cooling components and replace or repair if necessary.
Transmission overloaded - Reduce transmission load.
| Transmission oil leakage |
Damaged gaskets or seals - Seals and gaskets need to be replaced.
High internal transmission housing pressure - Check transmission parts for damage or wear and replace if required.
Oil drain pipe is plugged - Check pipe and service if necessary.
| Hydraulics Troubleshooting |
| Insufficient hydraulic oil pressure |
Low hydraulic oil level - Need to add oil.
Clogged hydraulic oil filter - Hydraulic filter maintenance required.
Faulty hydraulic pump - Change or repair hydraulic oil pump.
Incorrect setting hydraulic control valve block - Set correctly.
Hydraulic cylinder not working - Install a new hydraulic cylinder or repair it.
Leaks in hydraulic lines - Find leaks in the system and fix it.
| Hydraulic system overheats |
Main relief valve is defective - Relief valve replacement required.
Incorrect type of hydraulic oil - The correct type of oil must be used.
Hydraulic fluid contamination - Change hydraulic fluid.
Air in hydraulic lines - Bleed hydraulic lines.
| 3-point hitch fails to lift or lifts slowly |
Heavy load on the hitch - Load needs to be reduced.
Low hydraulic oil level - Checking hydraulic oil level and add if necessary.
Hydraulic fluid filter element is clogged - Service the hydraulic filter or change if required.
Hydraulic pump failure - Change or repair hydraulic fluid pump.
Main relief valve is faulty - Relief valve must be changed.
Faulty hydraulic control valve - Install a new hydraulic valve or repair it.
Hydraulic cylinder malfunction - Install a new hydraulic cylinder or repair it.
Loose or broken suction line - Tighten the pipe or replace it.
| Hitch not lowering or hitch lowers slowly |
Hydraulic spool valve block is not adjusted properly - The spool valve should be properly adjusted.
Hydraulic cylinder is broken - Repair or change hydraulic cylinder.
The hitch is not adjusted - Adjustment is required.
Hitch rock shaft is damaged - Change the shaft.
| Hitch lifting or lowering is jerky |
Air in hydraulic pipes - Bleed hydraulic pipes.
Dirty hydraulic oil - The oil must be changed.
Defective hydraulic pump - Change or repair hydraulic oil pump.
Defective hydraulic control valve block - Repair or replace the valve.
Hydraulic cylinder not working - Install a new hydraulic cylinder or repair it.
| Steering Troubleshooting |
| Steering wheel is hard to turn |
Worn or incorrectly fitted steering column - Replace the steering column or refit it correctly.
Air in the hydraulic steering system - Bleed air.
Not adjusted toe-in - Check and adjust toe-in.
Uneven tyre pressure - Inflate the tyres properly.
Steering pump malfunction - Install a new hydraulic steering pump.
Stuck or worn pump flow control valve - Clean or replace control valve.
Insufficient steering fluid - Fill up the steering fluid.
| Excessive free play of steering wheel |
Steering column shaft or coupling is worn out - Change faulty part.
Damaged hydraulic steering pump - Repair or change steering pump.
Steering linkage assembly is worn or loose - Inspect and change as required.
| Tractor pulls to right or left |
Front tyres wear unevenly - Change the tyres.
Incorrect toe-in - Check and adjust toe-in.
Worn or loose steering linkage assembly - Replace or repair steering linkage.
Improperly adjusted or defective front wheel bearings - Adjust properly or replace bearings.
| Electrical Troubleshooting |
| Battery does not charge |
Loose or corroded cable connections - Service or tighten cable connections.
Battery terminal connectors are faulty - Terminal connectors need to be changed.
Dead cell in battery - Battery replacement required.
Belt is defective or loose - Need to adjust belt tension or replace belt.
| Starter motor turns slow |
Low battery capacity - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Battery does not hold charge - Service charging system or install new battery.
Terminals are faulty or battery cables are disconnected - Connect cables correctly or replace terminals.
| Starter motor is not working |
Battery is discharged or worn - Recharge or change battery.
Wiring is improperly connected or disconnected - Check wiring and connect properly.
Battery power is low - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Starter motor is damaged - Starter should be changed.
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