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Ford 2810 Tractor Troubleshooting
The
Ford 2810 is a two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive utility tractor. This model
was manufactured from 1983 to 1990. The components of Ford 2810 powerline
system: a 158 cu.in (2.6 L) Ford vertical three-cylinder water-cooled diesel
engine with a rated power of 34.3 hp (25.6 kW) and 8x2 Dual Range transmission,
or mechanical shuttle transmission with 6 forward and 4 reverse gears.
Max. forward speed - 18.5 mph (29.8 km/h), max. reverse speed - 16.1 mph
(25.9 km/h). The open center hydraulic system used a gear pump with a
rated capacity of 7.7 gpm (29.2 lpm). The main relief pressure is 173
bar (2500 psi).
The 2-wheel drive models are equipped with 6.00x16 front tyres and
13.6x28 rear tyres. The 8.3x24 front tyres and 13.6x28 rear tyres fit
4-wheel drive tractors. The wheelbase is 77.5" (1960 mm) for models with
2WD and 84.1" (2130 mm) for models with 4WD.
The Ford 2810 is compatible with a Ford 776A loader with lift capacity
to maximum height of 2500 lbs (1134 kg), Ford 776B loader with breakout
force of 3750 lbs (1701 kg), or Ford 776F loader with breakout force of
4300 lbs (1950 kg).
| Engine Troubleshooting |
| Engine will not start or hard to start |
| Plugged fuel filter - Clean the filter element |
| The fuel shut-off valve is closed - Open fuel shut-off valve |
| Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air |
| Faulty or dirty injectors - Test fuel injectors and change if necessary |
| Fuel injection pump malfunction - Replace or rebuild injection pump |
| Low engine compression - Check cylinder block and replace defective parts |
| Engine stalls while running |
| Engine is not warmed up to required temperature - Warm up engine to required temperature |
| Fuel lines leaking air - Tighten clamps, change faulty pipes |
| Fuel injection failed - Use correct settings |
| Fuel filter plugging - Change filter element |
| Faulty or dirty injectors - Test fuel injectors and change if necessary |
| Diesel starts and then stalls |
| Incorrectly set fuel injection pump timing - Fuel injection pump timing adjustment needs to be corrected |
| Fuel filter is clogged - Clean or replace the filter |
| Fuel injector nozzles are damaged or dirty - Inspect injector nozzles and change if required |
| Damaged fuel injection pump - Repair or change injection pump |
| Air cleaner element is clogged - Clean or replace the air cleaner element |
| Engine stalls when idling |
| Incorrectly adjusted low idle speed - Test and adjust |
| Fuel injection pump is broken - Repair or change injection pump |
| Clogged or damaged injector nozzles - Check and change nozzles as required |
| Valve clearance is wrong - Adjust valve clearance |
| Lack of coolant in cooling system - Top up coolant. Any leaks must be repaired |
| Cooling system parts are failed or system is clogged - Service the cooling system or replace faulty components |
| Insufficient engine oil - Add oil to the engine crankcase |
| Fan belt tension is incorrect or belt is defective - Adjust belt tension correctly or change it |
| Thermostat failure - Check thermostat, replace if necessary |
| Fuel injectors are clogged or faulty - Change fuel injectors |
| Incorrect fuel injection pressure - Repair or replace injection pump |
| Air filter element is dirty - Clean or replace the air filter element |
| Oil filter is dirty - Service or change engine oil filter element |
| Engine is overloaded - Load reducing is recommended |
| Improper valve clearance - Adjust valve clearance |
| Wrong adjustment of low idle speed - Adjustment required |
| Clogged fuel hoses or pipes - Fuel pipes and hoses need to be cleaned |
| Poor engine compression: Leaking or broken valves - Change the valves |
| Engine knocking sound or abnormal noise |
| Incorrect setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust the fuel injection pump timing correctly |
| Fuel injector nozzles are clogged or faulty - Check and change nozzles as required |
| Engine oil level is low - Fill up the engine oil |
| Engine is not warmed up to required temperature - Warm up engine as required |
| Crankshaft or main bearings failure - Worn parts replacement required |
| Broken or defective piston rings - Replace piston rings |
| The flywheel to crankshaft bolts are loose - Tighten bolts as required |
| Oil leaking: Gaskets or seals are excessively worn - Replace worn parts to avoid leaks |
| Oil viscosity is wrong - Use proper viscosity oil |
| Worn or stuck piston rings - Change the piston rings as required |
| Damaged valve stems or valve guides - Install new valves |
| Damaged cylinder liners or pistons - Check liners and pistons, change as required |
| Electrical System Troubleshooting |
| Battery will not charge |
| Bad cell in battery - Replace the battery |
| Damaged battery wiring harness - Inspect wiring for damage, replace or repair |
| Battery terminals and cables are corroded or loose - Clean or tighten cables and terminals |
| Belt wear or improper belt tension adjustment - Adjust belt tension as required or replace belt |
| Battery voltage is low - Battery is drained, charge it |
| Battery is draining quickly - Service battery or change it |
| Battery electrical wire harness damage - Check battery wires for damage, replace or change |
| Corroded or loose battery terminals and cables - Cables and terminals must be tightened or cleaned |
| Starter motor is not working |
| Low battery voltage - Charge the battery |
| Discharged or faulty battery - Charge or replace the battery |
| Faulty starter motor - Replace or repair starter |
| Disconnected or incorrectly connected cables - Need to reconnect cables correctly |
| Transmission Troubleshooting |
| Hard to shift gears |
| Clutch is unadjusted or worn - Clutch needs to be replaced or adjusted |
| Gear shift linkage is loose or broken - Replace or repair the shift linkage |
| Worn or damaged shift forks - Shift forks need to be changed |
| Gear shifting mechanism is worn - Change worn components |
| Insufficient transmission oil pressure |
| Low transmission oil level - Checking transmission oil level and add if necessary |
| Dirty transmission oil filter (if fitted) - Replace or clean transmission oil filter |
| Damaged relief valve - Replace the valve |
| Excessive transmission noise |
| Broken or worn bearings - Replace faulty bearings |
| Oil level is insufficient - Check transmission oil level and add oil as required |
| Transmission fluid contamination - Transmission fluid must be changed |
| Damaged gears or improper backlash - Set backlash properly or change the gears |
| Worn or damaged shift forks - Change defective shift forks |
| Gaskets or seals are damaged - Install new components |
| Transmission case is cracked - Replace case or transmission assembly |
| Hydraulics Troubleshooting |
| Hydraulic system is too hot |
| Incorrect hydraulic system pressure setting - Change the pressure settings |
| Main relief valve is faulty or misadjusted - Adjust or change relief valve |
| Hydraulic fluid is dirty - Hydraulic fluid change required |
| Aeration in hydraulic system - Inspect the pump seals, suction line, and fittings |
| Low hydraulic oil pressure |
| Not enough hydraulic oil in the system - Fill the hydraulic system with oil |
| Hydraulic fluid filter is dirty - Install a new hydraulic filter element |
| Hydraulic pump is faulty - Test the pump performance and change pump if required |
| Hydraulic control valve block is faulty or out of adjustment - Adjust correctly or change |
| Hydraulic cylinder is broken - Inspect cylinder components for wear or damage and change if required |
| Leakage in hydraulic lines - Find leaks in the system and fix it |
| Hitch won't lift or lifts slowly |
| Not enough hydraulic fluid in the system - Need to add fluid |
| Hydraulic oil is too cold - Allow oil to warm |
| Hydraulic oil filter clogging - Change hydraulic filter element or clean if necessary |
| Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Test pump performance and replace pump if necessary |
| Unadjusted or defective main relief valve - Adjust or replace the relief valve |
| Hydraulic control valve block is not set properly or defective - Change or adjust correctly |
| Hydraulic cylinder is broken - Inspect the hydraulic cylinder parts for damage or wear and replace if required |
| Loose or damaged suction line - Tighten or replace |
| Hitch won't lower or lowers slowly |
| Defective or not adjusted hydraulic spool valve - Replace or set correctly |
| Broken hydraulic cylinder - Check cylinder components for wear or damage and change if necessary |
| Worn hitch rock shaft - Install a new shaft |
| The hitch has any internal mechanical damage - Change faulty or worn hitch components |
| Jerky lowering or lifting of the hitch |
| Air in hydraulic system - Inspect the pump seals, suction line, and fittings |
| Hydraulic fluid is dirty - Hydraulic fluid change required |
| Hydraulic pump is defective - Check the pump performance and replace it if required |
| Defective or incorrect setting hydraulic control valve block - Change or adjust properly |
| Broken hydraulic cylinder - Inspect the hydraulic cylinder components for damage or wear and change if required |
| Steering System Troubleshooting |
| Steering wheel is very heavy to turn |
| Steering column is broken or incorrectly fitted - Steering column needs to be refit correctly or replaced |
| Air trapped in the steering system - Bleed the steering system |
| Steering filter is clogged - Install new steering filter element |
| Not adjusted toe-in - Adjust toe-in properly |
| Tires are improperly inflated - Inflate as necessary |
| Steering pump stopped working - Repair or change steering pump |
| Damaged or worn steering cylinder - Inspect and change as required |
| Worn steering gear box parts - Change defective steering box parts |
| Steering fluid level low - Checking steering fluid level and add it if necessary |
| Oil leakage in the steering system - Tighten the steering hose and pipe joints |
| Excessive steering wheel free play |
| Steering column coupling or shaft is extremely worn out - Change defective part |
| Worn or damaged steering cylinder - Repair or change the steering cylinder |
| Damaged steering gearbox components - Change defective steering gear box components |
| Steering pump is worn - Install a new hydraulic steering pump |
| Faulty or worn steering linkage or tie-rod ends - Replace failed component |
| Front wheels wander to right or left |
| Tires are improperly inflated - Inflate as necessary |
| Toe-in adjustment is incorrect - Adjust toe-in wheels properly |
| Worn or faulty steering tie-rod ends or linkage - Replace failed component |
| Damaged steering gear box parts - Replace defective components of power steering gearbox |
| Steering cylinder malfunction - Repair or change steering cylinder |
| Front hub bearings are worn or incorrectly adjusted - Adjust correctly or replace bearings |
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| Farm Tractors Technical Specifications |
