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Ford 1600 Tractor Troubleshooting
The
Ford 1600 compact utility tractor was manufactured from 1976 to 1979. The Ford
1600 is equipped with a 77.6 cubic inches Shibaura LE892 two-cylinder liquid
cooled diesel engine rated at 25 hp (18.6 kW). The transmission includes a dry
clutch and gearbox with 9 forward and 3 reverse gears. Max. travel speed
(forward/reverse): 8.7 mph (14 km/h) and 7.2 (11.6 km/h).
The open center hydraulic system includes a gear pump with rated fluid
flow of 4.2 gpm (15.9 lpm). The hydraulic system pressure is 98 bar
(1420 psi). The 2-wheel drive models are equipped with 5.00x15 front
tires and 11.2x24 rear tires.
The 20x8.00-10 front tires and 13.6x16 rear tires are used for tractors
with 4-wheel drive. The wheel base is 62.6" (1590 mm) for 4x2 (2WD)
models and 66.3" (1680 mm) for 4x4 (4WD) models. The Ford 1600 tractor
is compatible with a 60" mid-mount mower deck, and Ford 770 loader with
a lift capacity to full height (at pin) of 700 lbs (317 kg).
Engine Troubleshooting |
Diesel will not start or hard to start |
Plugged fuel filter - Service or replace the filter |
Fuel supply valve is closed - Open fuel supply valve |
Water, dirt, or air in fuel system - Drain, flush, fill, and bleed system |
Faulty or dirty injectors - Check fuel injectors and replace if required |
Faulty fuel injection pump - Install a new pump or rebuild |
Engine has bad compression - Inspect and replace faulty parts |
Engine shuts off unexpectedly during operation |
Coolant temperature is low - Warm up engine as required |
Water, dirt, or air in fuel system - Drain, flush, fill, and bleed system |
Uneven fuel injections - Repair or adjustment |
Dirty fuel filter element - Install new filter element |
Fuel injectors are damaged or dirty - Check fuel injectors and replace if required |
Diesel starts but then stalls |
Unadjusted fuel injection pump timing - Check and correct settings |
Fuel filter is dirty - Clean the filter element |
Fuel injector nozzles are defective or dirty - Install a new set of well-balanced nozzles |
Faulty fuel injection pump - Install a new fuel pump or repair |
Air cleaner element is dirty - Service or replace the air cleaner |
Engine stalls while idling |
Low idle speed setting is incorrect - Correct the settings |
Fuel injection pump is defective - Rebuild or install a new injection pump |
Damaged or clogged injector nozzles - Check and change nozzles as required |
Incorrect valve clearance - Adjustment procedure required |
Engine coolant is insufficient - Refill to the correct level. Check for coolant leaks |
Cooling system parts are defective or system is clogged - Service the cooling system or replace faulty components |
Engine oil insufficient - Check and refill engine oil |
Improper fan belt tension or damaged belt - Adjust correctly or install new belt |
Thermostat malfunction - Test thermostat opening temperature, replace as required |
Clogged fuel injectors - Inspect fuel injectors and replace if necessary |
Incorrect fuel injection pressure - Check the fuel injection pressure and adjust if necessary |
Air filter element is clogged - Air filter maintenance required |
Oil filter element clogging - Service or replace engine oil filter |
Engine is under excessive load - Reduce the load or operate the tractor in lower gears |
The valve clearance is incorrect - Adjust to proper valve clearance |
Incorrect low idle speed adjustment - Adjust as required |
Dirt in the fuel pipes or hoses - Service fuel hoses and pipes |
Low engine compression: Worn or damaged valves - Replace the valves as required |
Timing of fuel injection pump is wrong - Check the fuel injection pump timing setting |
Fuel injector nozzles are clogged or faulty - Test injector nozzles and replace as required |
Engine oil level is low - Fill up the oil to required level |
Low coolant temperature - Normalize the engine temperature |
Main bearings or crankshaft failure - Crankshaft or bearings need to be replaced |
Defective or broken piston rings - Piston rings need to be replaced |
Loose flywheel bolts - Inspect flywheel bolts and tighten properly |
Diesel engine using too much oil |
Oil leaks: Worn gaskets or seals - Change worn parts according to specifications |
Oil viscosity is wrong - Use proper viscosity oil |
Piston rings are seized or worn - Change piston rings |
Damaged valve stems or valve guides - Replace the valves |
Damaged pistons or cylinder liners - Inspect liners and pistons, replace as necessary |
Electrical System Troubleshooting |
Battery does not charge |
Defective battery - Battery change required |
Bad battery wiring harness - Inspect wiring for malfunctions, replace or repair |
Battery terminals and cables are corroded or loose - Clean or tighten terminals and cables |
Improper belt tension adjustment or damaged belt - Replace belt or properly adjust belt tension |
Low battery output - Battery is drained, recharge it |
Battery runs out quickly - Service or replace the battery |
Bad battery cable harness - Inspect cables for malfunctions, repair or change |
Loose or corroded cables and terminals - Terminals and cables need to be tightened or cleaned |
Battery power is low - Battery is drained, charge it |
Discharged or worn battery - Battery needs to be recharged or replaced |
Starter motor failure - Repair or replace starter |
Wiring harness is disconnected or improperly connected - Check wiring harness and reconnect properly |
Transmission Troubleshooting |
Gear shift is hard |
Misadjusted or defective clutch - Adjust clutch or replace if required |
Gear shift linkage is stuck or worn - Repair or change shift linkage |
Bent or worn shift forks - Replace the shift forks |
Faulty parts in the gear shifting mechanism - Change faulty parts |
Low transmission fluid pressure |
Not enough oil in transmission - Add transmission oil as required |
Transmission fluid filter is plugged (if fitted) - Replace or clean transmission fluid filter |
Damaged relief valve - Install a new valve |
Transmission is making noise |
Broken or worn bearings - Replace the bearings |
Oil level is insufficient - Add transmission oil as required |
Dirty transmission oil - Transmission oil must be changed |
Worn gears or improper backlash - Set backlash properly or change the gears |
Shift forks are worn or damaged - Change defective shift forks |
Transmission fluid leaking |
Gaskets or seals are broken - Seals and gaskets replacement required |
Transmission housing is cracked - Replace housing or transmission assembly |
Hydraulics Troubleshooting |
Hydraulic system overheats |
System pressure has not been adjusted correctly - Pressure needs to be adjust correctly |
Main relief valve failure or incorrect setting - Adjust or replace the relief valve |
Hydraulic oil is dirty - Hydraulic oil change required |
Aeration in hydraulic system - Inspect the suction pipe, fittings, and pump seals |
Low hydraulic system pressure |
Lack of hydraulic fluid - Check and refill the hydraulic fluid |
Hydraulic oil filter element clogging - Clean the hydraulic filter or install new filter element |
Hydraulic pump not working - Check the pump performance and replace it if required |
Hydraulic control valve block is defective or set improper - Adjust correctly or replace |
Hydraulic cylinder malfunction - Check the hydraulic cylinder parts for damage or wear and replace if necessary |
Leakage in hydraulic pipes - Inspect hydraulic system for leaks and repair it |
3-point hitch raises slowly or won't raise |
Lack of hydraulic fluid - Add fluid to the hydraulic system |
Hydraulic oil is too cold - Allow oil to warm |
Hydraulic fluid filter element is dirty - Clean the hydraulic filter or install new filter element |
Hydraulic pump is faulty - Check the pump performance and replace it if required |
Faulty or incorrectly adjusted main relief valve - Adjust or replace the relief valve |
Hydraulic control valve block is faulty or out of adjustment - Change or adjust correctly |
Hydraulic cylinder malfunction - Check cylinder components for wear or damage and change if necessary |
Loose or damaged suction line - Tighten or replace |
Hitch drops too slowly or can't drop |
Hydraulic spool valve block is faulty or out of adjustment - Set correctly or replace |
Broken hydraulic cylinder - Inspect the hydraulic cylinder components for damage or wear and change if required |
Worn hitch rock shaft - Replace the shaft |
Mechanical components of the hitch are defective - Replace damaged or worn hitch parts |
3-point hitch lifting or lowering is jerky |
Air enters in hydraulic system - Inspect the pump seals, suction pipe, and fittings |
Hydraulic fluid contamination - Change hydraulic fluid |
Hydraulic pump is defective - Test the pump flow rate and install new pump if required |
Hydraulic spool valve is not set properly or defective - Set properly or replace |
Hydraulic cylinder failure - Check the cylinder components for damage or wear and change if necessary |
Steering System Troubleshooting |
Hard Steering |
Steering knuckle or steering column is stuck - Inspect steering column and knuckle, replace worn parts as required |
Steering gearbox components are worn - Replace defective components of steering gearbox |
Faulty drag link or tie rod - Replace or repair |
Insufficient lubrication in steering box - Need to lubricate the gearbox |
Not adjusted toe-in alignment - Check and adjust toe-in |
Tires are not correctly inflated - Inflate tires as necessary |
Excessive steering wheel free play |
Steering column bearing or shaft is worn - Change faulty parts |
Steering linkage assembly is worn or loose - Repair or replace steering linkage |
Worn steering gearbox bearings - Replace the bearings |
Front wheel hub bearings or steering knuckles are worn - Change hub bearings or knuckles |
Damaged or worn steering tie-rod ends - Change faulty part |
Tractor pulls to right or left |
Worn or loose steering linkage assembly - Repair or replace steering linkage |
Defective steering knuckle bushing - Replace knuckle bushing |
Uneven tire pressure - Inflate the tires properly |
Toe-in adjustment is incorrect - Adjust toe-in correctly |
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Farm Tractors Technical Specifications |