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Home / Farm Tractors / John Deere Tractors / JD 2950

John Deere 2950 Troubleshooting

The John Deere 2950 is a two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive utility tractor from 2050 series. This model was manufactured between 1983 and 1988. The John Deere 2950 tractor is powered by 359 cu.in (5.9L) John Deere 6359DL 4-cycle 6-cylinder direct injection liquid cooled naturally aspirated diesel engine with a rated power of 94 hp (69.6 kW) at 2500 rev/min.

The John Deere 2950 is fitted with 2 types of transmission. 1st type: 16x8 top shaft synchronized (TSS) partial power shift transmission. 2nd type: Top shaft synchronized (TSS) creeper transmission with 12 forward and 8 reverse gears. Max forward speed - 17.4 mph (27.9 kph), max reverse speed - 7.8 mph (12.5 kph). The closed center hydraulic system used a piston pump with fluid flow rate of 23 gpm (87.2 lpm). The 2-wheel drive models are equipped with 10.0x16 front tires and 18.4x34 rear tires. The 13.6x24 front tires and 18.4x34 rear tires are used for tractors with 4-wheel drive.

The wheelbase is 100.4" (2550 mm) for 4x2 (2WD) models and 101.6" (2580 mm) for 4x4 (4WD) models. The tractor is compatible with a John Deere 148 front-end loader with lift capacity to full height of 3100 lbs (1405 kg), John Deere 260 front-end loader with lift capacity to full height of 3186 lbs (1445 kg), or John Deere 265 front-end loader with lift capacity to full height of 3920 lbs (1778 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting
Engine won't start or hard to start
Fuel filter is dirty - Replace the filter element
Fuel supply valve is closed - Open fuel supply valve
Fuel-line is leaking air - Retighten clamps, replace defective pipes
Clogged fuel injectors - Change fuel injectors
Fuel injection pump malfunctioning - Replace injection pump or repair it
Engine has bad compression - Check cylinder block and replace damaged components
Engine stops running while driving
Engine is cold - Engine is not warmed up to the required temperature
Air in fuel system - Air-bleed fuel system
Irregular fuel injection - Adjust fuel injection timing
Plugged fuel filter - Change filter element
Clogged fuel injectors - Inspect fuel injectors and replace if necessary
Diesel starts but then stalls
Timing of fuel injection pump is wrong - Adjust the fuel injection pump timing correctly
Plugged fuel filter - Service or replace the filter
Fuel injector nozzles are dirty or defective - Service or replace nozzles if required
Fuel injection pump is broken - Change or repair the pump
Air cleaner element clogging - Clean or replace the air cleaner element
Engine stalls when idling
Improperly adjusted low idle speed - Correct the settings
Fuel injection pump malfunctioning - Change or repair the pump
Fuel injector nozzles are faulty - Change injector nozzles
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Adjustment procedure required
Engine is overheated
Lack of coolant in cooling system - Coolant needs to be refilled. Inspect the system for leaks
Cooling system is clogged or cooling parts are defective - Service the cooling system or replace faulty components
Engine oil insufficient - Fill up the engine oil
Fan belt tension is not adjusted or belt is broken - Adjust belt tension properly or change it
Thermostat failure - Check thermostat, replace if necessary
Poor engine power
Clogged fuel injectors - Clean or replace fuel injectors
Insufficient fuel injection pressure - Adjust pressure to proper level
Clogged air filter element - Replace or service air filter element
Dirty oil filter - Clean or replace engine oil filter element
Engine is under excessive load - Reduce the load or operate the tractor in lower gears
Valve clearance is out of adjustment - Check and adjust
Low idle speed set incorrectly - Normalize low idle speed
Dirty fuel pipes or hoses - Service fuel pipes and hoses
Engine compression is insufficient: Valves are faulty or leaking - Valves need to be replaced
Engine noise or knocking
Unadjusted fuel injection pump timing - Fuel injection pump timing adjustment needs to be corrected
Clogged or defective injector nozzles - Service or replace nozzles if required
Engine oil level low - Check and refill engine oil
Coolant temperature is low - Warm up engine to required temperature
Worn main bearings or crankshaft - Change or repair worn components
Defective or broken piston rings - Piston rings replacement required
Flywheel bolts are loose - Bolts need to be tightened
High oil consumption
External oil leaks: Damaged gaskets or seals - Replace defective parts
Improper oil viscosity - Use correct viscosity oil
Damaged or seized piston rings - Replace piston rings
Worn valve stems and valve guides - Replace defective valves
Scored cylinder liners or pistons - Check liners and pistons, change as required

Electrical System Troubleshooting
Battery won’t charge
Faulty cell in battery - Battery replacement required
Battery electrical wire harness failure - Inspect wires for defects, change or repair
Corroded or loose cables and terminals - Tighten or service terminals and cables
Belt is defective or belt tension is improperly adjusted Replace belt or correctly adjust belt tension
Starter turning slow
Low battery capacity - Charge the battery
Battery does not hold charge - Service charging system or install new battery
Damaged battery electrical wire harness - Inspect electrical wires for damage, change or repair
Corroded or loose battery cables and terminals - Tighten or clean terminals and cables
Starter will not work
Battery power is low - Recharge the battery
Drained or faulty battery - Charge or replace the battery
Damaged starter motor - Repair or change starter
Disconnected or incorrectly connected cables - Inspect battery cables and connect correctly

Transmission Troubleshooting
Difficult to shift gears
Worn or incorrectly adjusted clutch - Adjust or change the clutch
Loose or broken gear shift linkage - Change defective shift linkage
Bent or worn shift forks - Install new shift forks
Defective gearshift mechanism - Replace defective components
Low transmission fluid pressure
Oil level is insufficient - Add transmission oil as required
Transmission fluid filter is dirty (if equipped) - Change or clean the transmission fluid filter
Faulty relief valve - Replace the valve
Transmission noises
Damaged or worn bearings - Change faulty bearings
Low transmission oil level - Fill the transmission housing to proper oil level
Dirty transmission oil - Change transmission oil
Worn gears or improper backlash - Replace gears or adjust backlash properly
Damaged or worn shift forks - Change defective shift forks
Transmission fluid leaking
Seals or gaskets are damaged - Change defective seal or gaskets
Transmission case is cracked - Replace case or transmission assembly

Hydraulics Troubleshooting
Excessive hydraulic system heat
Hydraulic system pressure is not adjusted correctly - Correct adjustment is required
Main relief valve is damaged or adjusted improperly - Adjust the valve or replace if necessary
Dirty hydraulic fluid - The fluid must be changed
Hydraulic system sucks air - Check the pump seals, suction pipe, and fittings
Hydraulic fluid pressure is insufficient
Hydraulic oil level is low - Fill up the hydraulic oil
Hydraulic oil filter element is dirty - Hydraulic filter maintenance required
Hydraulic pump not working - Check pump flow and install new pump if necessary
Hydraulic spool valve is defective or set improper - Adjust correctly or change
Hydraulic cylinder is faulty - Check cylinder components for wear or damage and change if necessary
Leakage in hydraulic pipes - Detect leaks in hydraulic system and repair it
Three-point hitch lifting is too slow or cannot be lifted
Hydraulic oil level is low - Check oil level and add hydraulic oil as required
Cold hydraulic oil - Warm up the oil
Hydraulic oil filter element is dirty - Change the hydraulic filter element or service if required
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Flow-rate hydraulic pump and replace pump if necessary
Unadjusted or defective main relief valve - Adjust or change relief valve
Hydraulic control valve is defective or set improper - Adjust properly or change
Broken hydraulic cylinder - Check cylinder components for wear or damage and change if necessary
Suction pipe is damaged or loose - Repair or change
Hitch does not lower or lowers very slowly
Damaged or incorrect adjusted hydraulic spool valve - Change or adjust correctly
Hydraulic cylinder is not working - Check cylinder components for wear or damage and change if necessary
Worn hitch cross shaft - Change the shaft
The hitch is defective if there is internal mechanical damage - Replace worn or defective hitch parts
Hitch raises or lowers not smoothly
Air in hydraulic system - Inspect the suction pipe, fittings, and pump seals
Hydraulic oil is dirty - Hydraulic oil change required
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Test pump performance and replace pump if necessary
Hydraulic control valve block is defective or set improper - Adjust properly or replace
Hydraulic cylinder is defective - Check the hydraulic cylinder components for damage or wear and change if necessary

Steering System Troubleshooting
Difficult steering
Steering column is worn or incorrectly assembled - Steering column must be assembled correctly or changed
Air leaks in steering system - Need to bleed air
Dirty steering filter element - Clean or replace the element
Incorrect toe-in - Check and adjust toe-in
Tires are not properly inflated - Inflate tires as required
Steering pump is faulty - Install a new hydraulic steering pump
Faulty or worn hydrostatic steering unit - Replace or repair steering unit as required
Relief valve is stuck or worn - Replace or service relief valve
Steering fluid level low - Checking steering fluid level and add it if necessary
Oil leaks in the steering system - Tighten the steering line and hose joints
Steering wheel free play is excessive
Worn steering column shaft or coupling - Replace faulty part
Damaged or worn hydrostatic steering unit - Inspect and change as required
Hydraulic steering pump is defective - Replace or repair steering pump
Faulty or worn steering linkage or tie-rod ends - Replace failed component
Front wheels wander to left or right
Tires are deflated - Need to inflate tires
Improper toe-in adjustment - Adjust toe-in properly
Steering tie-rod ends or linkage are worn - Replace damaged part
Worn or damaged hydrostatic steering unit - Repair or change the steering unit
Faulty steering cylinder - Repair or change hydraulic steering cylinder
Front hub bearings are damaged or incorrectly adjusted - Adjust correctly or install new bearings

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